第Ⅱ卷 (两部分 共35分)
第四部分 任务型阅读 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
In a study just published in the journal Intelligence, using search terms such as “stupid thing to do”, Balazs Aczel and his colleagues compiled a collection of stories describing stupid mistakes from sources such as The Huffington Post and TMZ. The researchers then had a sample of university students rate each story on the responsibility of the people involved, the influence of the situation, the seriousness of the consequences, and other factors.
Analyses of the subjects’ ratings revealed three varieties of stupid mistakes. The first is when a person’s confidence goes beyond their skill, as when a Pittsburgh man robbed two banks in broad daylight without wearing a disguise, believing that lemon juice he had rubbed on his face would make him invisible to security cameras.
The confidence-skill disconnection has been named the Dunning-Kruger effect, after a study by social psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger. Dunning and Kruger had Cornell undergraduates perform tests of humor, logic, and grammar, and then rate how well they think they performed compared to other subjects in the study. The worst performing subjects, whose scores put them in the 12th percentile, estimated that they had performed in the 62nd percentile. Summarizing the findings, Dunning noted, “Poor performers—and we are all poor performers at some things—fail to see the flaws in their thinking or the answers they lack.” When we think we are at our best is sometimes when we are at our objective worst.
As any number of political scandals illustrate, the second type of stupid mistake involves impulsive acts—when we seem unable to keep our behavior in check. In the scandal that became known as Weinergate, former U.S. representative Anthony Weiner sent blue texts and pictures of himself to women he met on Facebook. (After resigning, Weiner continued his cyber-dalliances, and then fell prey to the Dunning-Kruger effect when he overestimated his support in the 2013 New York City mayoral primary; he received 5% of the vote.)
The final variety of stupid mistake involves failing to concentrate—Homer Simpsonesque D’oh moments. As arguably the best example from American sports history, in the 1929 Rose Bowl, University of California star Roy Riegels recovered a fumble(失误球) and returned it 65 yards the wrong way. Riegel’s mistake set up a safety for Georgia Tech, which turned out to be the deciding factor in the opponent’s victory. Aczel and colleagues’ analyses revealed that subjects viewed this category of stupid mistake as the least stupid.
It is, of course, unrealistic to think that we could ever eliminate human error. To err will always be human. However, this research gives us a better description of our failings and weaknesses, and a place to start in thinking about interventions and prescriptions to help us err less. This research also reminds us of our shared human weaknesses. We all tend to overestimate our abilities, to make impulsive decisions, and to fail to keep attention. This simple realization makes stupid mistakes seem, perhaps, a little less stupid — and a little more human.
Title: Why you make breathtakingly stupid mistakes (71)_____of the research ●Compiling stories about stupid mistakes from some sources.
●Rating the stories on the factors like responsibilities, influences, etc.
●(72)__________ how the subjects rate the stories.
Types of stupid mistakes Confidence – skill
disconnection ●It happens when confidence (73)______ skill.
Eg: A man rubbing lemon juice on his face robbed banks by (74)______his head in the sand like an ostrich ( 鸵鸟).
●The outcome may be just the (75)_________ when we overestimate our skills.
Impulsive acts ●We cannot put our behavior under (76)____________.
Eg. Weiner disturbed women by sending blue texts and pictures, which put him at a disadvantage in mayoral primary. (77)__________ of attention ●Though viewed as the least stupid, it can be a deciding factor in may cases. Eg. Roy Riegel’s running the wrong way with a fumble (78)_________ for Geogia Tech winning the game.
Values of the research ●Providing us with a clear image of our failings and weaknesses.
●Helping us err less though we are (79)__________ to stay away from error.
●Enabling us to evaluate our abilities objectively, make rational decisions and always get (80)_______________.
第五部分： 读写任务(共1小题;满分25分)阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Some people and businesses get lucky—they happen to be in the right place at the right time. And they often succeed, at least in the short run, despite themselves. But depending on luck isn't a good idea—as the Chinese proverb goes, “Man who waits for roast duck to fly into mouth must wait very long time.”
The vast majority of what we call “luck” is the result of vision and purpose, hard work and passion. As another saying goes, “The harder I work, the more luck I have.”Successful people work hard to put themselves into a position where good fortune can find them. The harder a manager works at developing people, the luckier he will be in having a skilled and motivated staff. The harder a salesperson works at satisfying customers, the luckier he will be at gaining referrals. The harder a couple works at it, the luckier they are at having a great relationship.
All that success requires is a strong vision, hard work, being passionate about goals, building relationships, constantly seeking to improve, selfdiscipline and taking smart risks. Beyond that, it's simply luck.
[写作内容]1. 以约30词概括短文的内容。2. 以约120词就“Does luck play an important role in success?”这个主题发表你的看法，至少包含以下内容：(1) 一些人把成功归功于运气;另一些人把成功看作是勤奋的结果;(2) 你认为成功的主要因素是什么?– 3点)(50 – 60词) (3) 结尾 (20 – 30 词)
江苏省仪征中学2016—2017届高三12月限时训练答题纸 2016/12
四. 任务型阅读(10分)
1 _ 2__ 3 __ 4 _ 5 _____________
6 __ 7 _ 8 _ 9 _ 10_____________
五. 书面表达(25分)
评分要点 内容要点 语法结构+高级词汇 连接成份 词数 卷面书写 总分 分值
(25分) 10 5 3 2 5 ________________________________________________________________________________
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