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用法 |
典型例句 |
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1、用来特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。所特指的名词常被短语或定语从句所修饰。 |
Of all the reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father’s advice was the most important one.（2006 辽宁） |
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2、指说话的双方都知道的人或事物。 |
Don’t worry if you can’t come to the party. I’ll save some cake for you. （2006 浙江） |
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3、复述上文中提到的事物。 |
There is a shelf in my father’s room. The shelf is new. |
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4、用于单数可数名词之前，表示该类事物，相当于a。 |
When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to the hotel; I can find you a bed in my flat. （04全国I） |
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5、序数词和形容词最高级前。 比较级前若表示特指时也要用定冠词the。 |
The cakes are delicious. He’d like to have a third one because the second one is rather too small. (02上海春季) I want to chat with the taller of the two men. |
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6、在表示方位、乐器的名词前。 |
Summer in the south of France is for the most part dry and sunny. (2000 北京春季) play the piano, play the violin |
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7、用于复数姓氏之前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”。 |
the Smiths |
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8、表示世界上独一无二事物的名词前。 |
the sun; the moon; the earth; the world |
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9、用于由普通名词构成的专有名词、江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河及某些建筑物等名称前。 |
According to the World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent thespread of AIDS. (2006 全国II ) After dinner he gave Mr. Richardson a ride to the Capital Airport. （05安徽） |
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10、在某些形容词之前，可表示某一类人。 |
the rich; the poor; the old; the wounded, the living, the dead |
三、不用冠词(零冠词)情况：
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用法 |
典型例句 |
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1、人名、地名（街名、广场名、公园名）、大学名、国名、病名前。 |
Wang Fu Jing Street Pei Hai Park北海公园 Beijing University 但也可说the University of Beijing |
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2、抽象名词表示一般概念时，一般不用冠词。 |
When you finish reading the book, you will have a better understanding of life. （04辽宁） |
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3、物质名词表示一般概念时，一般不用冠词。 |
The warmth ofthe sweater will of course be determined by the sort of wool used.（2001全国） |
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4、表示职位或头衔的抽象名词前，常不用冠词。但表示具体的人时，加the。 |
We will elect engineer Liu director of our factory. 类似的名词还有：president, monitor, headmaster, mayor等 |
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5、表示季节、月份、星期几、节、假日等表示时间的名称前，不用冠词。但我国的阴历节前要用the。 |
Children’s Day; Women’s Day; May Day the Spring Festival |
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6、三餐、学科名称、球类活动和棋类游戏的名称前，不用冠词。 |
play basketball; play chess |
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7、man作“人类”讲时，同human, mankind 一样不用冠词。 |
While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made a discovery, which completely changed man’s understanding of color. （04广东） |
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8、by与表示“通信、交通”的词连用，表示通信,交通手段时，不用冠词。 |
If you go by train, you can have quite a comfortable journey, but make sure you get a fast one. （05全国III） |
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9、复数名词前不用冠词泛指类别。 |
It is often said that teachers have a very easy life. ( 05北京) |
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10、有些名词与介词搭配表示抽象意义，不加冠词，常作状语。 |
His daughter is always shy in public and she never dares to make a speech to the public.(2001上海) in surprise (wonder, danger, tears, comfort ), in love with, under pressure, beyond expression等 |
