2018年下半年成人学位英语模拟试题及答案（12）_第3页

　　Passage 3

　　Cars are an important part of life in th United States.Without a car, most people feel that they are poor.An even if a person is poor he doesn't feel really poor when he has a car.

　　Henry Ford was the man who first started making发展制造 cars in large numbers.大量的He probably didn't know how much the car was going to affect American culture.The car made the Unite States a nation on wheels.And it helped make the United States what it is today.

　　There are three main reasons the car became so popular in the United States.First of all首先,the country is a huge巨大的 one and Americans like to move移动 around in it.The car provides提供 the most comfortable舒服的 and cheapest 便宜的form of transportation.With a car people can go any place without spending a lot of money.

　　The second reason cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed an efficient有效率的 and inexpensive便宜的 form 形成of public transportation.Long-distance have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world.Nowadays,there is a good system of air-service provided by planes.But it is too expensive to be used frequently频繁的经常地 .

　　The third reason is the most important one,though.The American spirit精神 of independence is what really made cars popular.Americans don't like to wait for a bus or a train or even a plane.They don't like to have to follow an exact准确的 schedule时间表计划表安排.A car gives them the freedom to schedule their own time.And this is the freedom that Americans want most to have.

　　The gas shortage缺乏不足 has caused引起 a big problem for Americans.But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation.The real solution will have to be a new kind of car,one that does not use so much gas.

　　31,When do most Americans feel they are poor? A

　　A.When they don't have a car B.When they live in a huge country

　　C.When they don't planes. D.When they have a car

　　32.Why do cars become popular in the United States? C

　　A.The United States is huge. B.Public transportation is not so good.

　　C.Americans like to be independent D.Americans like to move around

　　33.What public transportation is good in the United States? D

　　A.Buses B.Trains C.Taxis D.Planes

　　34.What has caused a big problem for Americans? C

　　A.A new kind of car B.Public transportation

　　C.The gas shortage D.Poor people

　　35.Which of the following is NOT mentioned according to this passage? C

　　A.Cars have made the nation on wheels.

　　B.Cars have made the United States have a gas shortge

　　C.Nearly 80%of the American people have cars.

　　D.Cars have made American independent.

　　Passage 4

　　There is a difference between science and technology科学与技术.Science is a method of answering theoretical理论上的空谈的 questions;technology is a method of solving解决 practical problem实际问题.Science has to do with the facts and relationships关系 between observable显著的觉察得到的 phenomena现象 in nature本质上事实上 and with establishing建立确立 theories理论 that serve to organize组织 these facts and relationships;technology has to do with tools工具,techniques技术,and procedures程序规程 for implementing实施执行 the finding of science.

　　Another distinction区别 between science and technology has to do with the progress进度 in each.Progress in 在有进展science excludes排除 the human factor.Scientists,who seek to comprehend理解领会 the universe宇宙 and know the truth真相 with the highest最高的 degree of accuracy精确度 and certainty,必然确实cannot pay attention to注意重视 their own or other people's likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness健康适当 of things.What scientists科学家 discover发现 may shock是震惊 or anger发怒 people-as did Darwin's theory of evolution进化学说.But even甚至即使 an unpleasant讨厌的不愉快的 truth is more than以上 likely to可能 be useful;besides除之外,we have the choice of refusing to拒绝 believe it!But it's hardly几乎不 so with technology and we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sonic boom音爆 produced by出品人 a supersonic aircraft超音速飞机 flying overhead天花板;we do not have the choice of refusing to breathe呼吸 polluted air;and we do not have the choice of living in a non-atomic非原子 age.Unlike science progress,technology must be measured in terms of依据按照 the human factor.The legitimate合法的 purpose of technology is to serve服务 people in general总之,not merely some people;and future generantions,not merely those who presently目前不久 wish to gain增加 advantage for themselves.Technology must be humanistic人文主义人道主义 if it is to lead to导致引起 a better world.

　　36.Which of the following statements声明 about science is NOT true? D

　　A.Scinece provides answers to theoretical questions.

　　B.Scinece seeks to comprehend the universe.

　　C.Scinece aims to discover the inter-connections of facts and rules that explain them.

　　D.Scinece serves people in general and can be measured in terms of the human factor.

　　37.Which of the followig statements about technology is NOT true? B

　　A.Technology provides answer to practical problems.

　　B.Technology seeks to establish theories based on facts.

　　C.Technology helps change the material world.

　　D.Technology has to do with new desings and ways of making the we use in our daily life.

　　38.According to the author,scientific theories .A

　　A.must be strictly严格的完全的 objective客观的.

　　B.usually pay attention to people

　　C.should conform to符合遵照 popular opinions.

　　D.always convince everyone

　　39.The author states that technology itself .C

　　A.is responsible for pollution and resource exhaustion资源枯竭

　　B.should serve those who wish to gain advantage for themselves

　　C.will lead to a better world if put to wise use

　　D.will inevitably不可避免的 be for bad motivation动机积极性推动

　　40.The tone of the author in this passage is .C

　　A.ironical讽刺的 B.critical 鉴定 C.factual事实的真实的 D.arbitrary任意的