Part II Reading Comprehension (40 points)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Are some people born clever and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reached those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.
16. The writer is in favor of the view that man’s intelligence is given to him __________.
A. at birth
B. through education
C. both at birth and through education
D. more at birth than through education
17. If a child is born with low intelligence he can __________.
never become a genius
still become a genius if he should be given special education
exceed his intelligence limits in rich surroundings
not exceed his intelligence limits even in rich surroundings
18. In the second paragraph “if we take two unrelated people at random from the population--” means if we __________.
pick any two persons
take out two different persons
choose two persons who are relative
choose two persons with different intelligence
19. The example of the twins going to a university and to a factory separately shows __________.
the importance of their intelligence
the role of environment on intelligence
the importance of their position
the part that birth places
20. The best title of this passage can be __________.
Surroundings
Intelligence
Dependence on Environment
Effect of Education
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