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2017成人学位英语考试高频词汇(12)

来源:考试网  [ 2017年7月20日 ]  【

  1、apply vt./vi. 申请,运用,应用

  【辨析】apply for 和apply…to

  apply for “申请,请求”,如:I want to apply for the position.我想申请这个职位。

  apply…to “把…应用到…”,如:We should apply a theory to practice. 我们应当把理论

  应用于实践。

  2、arise vi. 出现,发生,起源于

  【辨析】arise, rise, raise, arouse 和rouse

  arise vi. 起源于(和from连用),出现

  如:Accidents usually arise from carelessness. 车祸通常源于粗心。

  rise vi. 上升

  如:Black smoke rose from the chimney. 黑烟从烟筒中冒出。

  raise vt. 举起

  如:He is too weak to raise the heavy box. 他身体虚弱,举不起这个重盒子。

  arouse vt. 引起,导致

  如:His behavior aroused the interest of the neighbors. 他的行为引起了邻居的兴趣。

  rouse vt. 唤醒

  如:My mother will rouse me from my sleep every morning. 妈妈每天叫我起床。

  『例』(1)The problem has C simply because you didn’t follow my instruction.(1992)

  A. raised B. risen C. arisen D. aroused

  『解析』句意:问题已经出现了,仅仅因为你没有遵循我的指导。

  (2)Problems will B if you do it this way.

  A. rise B. arise C. raise D. arouse

  『解析』句意:如果你这样做事,将会出问题。

  (3)Voices were B as the argument between the two motorists(司机) became more bad-tempered.

  A. spoken B. raised C. developed D. increased

  『解析』句意:随着两个司机的争吵愈演愈烈,双方都提高了嗓门。raise (= lift up) one's voice 提高嗓门,

  高声叫喊。

  (4)Though A in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferred to record the plain facts of

  small-town life.

  A. raised B. grown C. developed D. cultivated

  『解析』句意:尽管在旧金山长大, 但戴夫米切尔总是愿意把小镇生活中平凡的事情记载下来。本句中

  Though raised in San Francisco 是省略的让步状语从句。raise (= bring up) 抚养;grow 种植;cultivate 耕

  作;培养(友谊等)。

  (5)The story of the homeless orphan(孤儿) has A sympathy from the public.

  A. aroused B. attracted C. defended D. adopted

  『解析』句意:无家可归的孤儿的故事唤起公众的同情。

  3、as adv. 同样地,一样地;prep. 作为;conj. 像…一样

  【辨析】as (so) far as 和as (so) long as

  (1)as (so) far as 的意思是“就…而言(所知)”。

  如:As far as I know, more than 10 million laid-off workers(下岗工人) have found their new jobs.

  就我所知,一千多万下岗工人已经找到了新的工作。

  as (so) far as sth. is concerned 是其中一种具体用法,意为“就某事而言”。

  如:As far as the tourism of China is concerned, there is a long way to go.

  就中国的旅游业而言,需要做的工作还很多。

  (2)as (so) long as 意为“只要”,引导条件状语从句。

  如:There is nothing that we can’t do so/as long as we keep on trying to do it.

  只要我们不断地努力去做,就没有什么事干不成。

  『例』 C we need air and water, so we need criticism and self-criticism.

  A. Even though B. So long as C. Just as D. Now that

  『解析』句意:正如需要空气和水,我们还需要批评和自我批评。even though“即使”;so long as“只要”;

  just as“正如”;now that“既然”。

  4、assist vt. 帮助,协助

  【短语】assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事

  [助记] 词根sist = stand(站立)

  【辨析】assist, consist, insist 和persist

  (1)assist 帮助(其原意为站在一旁,搀扶)。

  (2)consist 由…组成,构成;包括,包含(常与of 连用)

  常用短语:consist of 由…组成,包括

  如:Indonesia consist of more than 7000 islands. 印度尼西亚由7000 多个岛屿组成。

  = Indonesia is made up of more than 7000 islands.

  = Indonesia is composed of more than 7000 islands.

  (3)insist 坚持,坚持认为;坚决要求;一定要。后面可接介词on

  常用短语:insist on 坚决要求;也可直接连用that 引导的名词从句。

  如:He insisted on my going there with him.

  He insisted that I should go there with him. 他坚决要求我跟他一起去。

  5、persist v. 坚持,固执

  常用短语:persist in (doing) sth. 坚持做某事

  如:The kind nurse persisted in reading books to the boys in the hospital. 善良的护士坚持不懈的

  给医院的孩子们读故事书。

  6、resist v. 反对,抵制

  『例』He D the temptation to buy a coat that he could not afford.

  A.challenged B.obstructed C.contradicted D.resisted

  『解析』句意:她不受诱惑,不去买她买不起的外衣。 resist 此处意指(= keep oneself back from)“忍住…”,

  resist temptation 不受诱惑,afford 买得起。

  7、assume v.(毫无根据地)认为,臆断

  [助记] 词根sume = take(带走)

  【辨析】assume, consume 和resume

  (1)assume (毫无根据地)认为,臆断

  如:I assume that you have gone. 我以为你已经走了。

  (2)consume vt. 消耗,消费,用掉

  如:She consumes much of her time in studying. 她把很多时间用在学习上。

  (3)resume vt. 恢复,重新开始

  如:Negotiations are expected to be resumed soon. 预期不久就能恢复谈判。

  『例』(1)In Shanghai, people C thousand tons of watermelon every summer.

  A. swallow B. eat C. consume D. exhaust

  『解析』句意:在上海,每年夏天人们消耗成千上万吨的西瓜。swallow 吞咽;eat 吃;exhaust 筋疲力

  尽。

  (2)Since we are unable to finish the task in the morning. Let’s stop now and B working at 3 o’clock in

  the afternoon.

  A. assume B. resume C. consume D. repeat

  『解析』句意:既然我们上午没法完成任务,现在收工,下午三点再复工。

  8、assure vt. 保证,使确信

  【辨析】assure, ensure 和insure

  (1)assure“使(某人)确信”,一般用作:assure sb. of sth.或者assure sb. that…,后面不能直接跟

  that 从句。

  如:He assured me that it was true. 他让我相信这件事是真的。

  (2)ensure“保证”,后面可以接双宾语,也可以接that 从句。

  如:We can’t ensure you a good post. 我们不能保证给你个好的职位。

  (3)insure“给…上保险”。

  如:My house is insured against fire. 我的房子保了火险。

  9、attend v. 出席,照顾,注意,留意,专心于

  【用法】表示参加,后面经常加上meeting, lecture, conference, class, school, wedding, funeral 等词。

  【注意】attend to 可以表示处理、照料等。

  【辨析】attend, extend, intend 和tend:

  (1)tend:倾向,易于。常用短语:tend to do 易于…

  如:He tends to catch cold in winter.他在冬天的时候很容易感冒。

  (2)attend:参加。

  如:When I was 18 years old, I attended college. 我十八岁的时候上了大学。

  (3)extend:延伸,扩展。

  如:The river extends eastward. 这条小河向东延伸。

  (4)intend:想要,打算。

  如:What do you intend to do next? 下一步你打算做什么?

  10、attribute vt. 把…归于

  【搭配】attribute…to… 把…归于…

  词根tribute:贡物、礼物

  【辨析】attribute, distribute 和contribute

  (1)attribute:把…归于…。

  如:Tom attributed his failure to bad luck. 汤姆把他的失败归因于坏的运气。

  (2)distribute:分发。

  如:The Red Cross distributes the blanket to the victims of the flood-striken area.

  红十字会把毛毯发给洪水灾区的灾民们。

  (3)contribute:捐助,捐献。常用短语:contribute to 导致,有助于

  如:His carelessness contributed to the car crash(车祸). 他的粗心导致了车祸。

责编:jiaojiao95
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