2018成人高考专升本《英语》考前检测及答案（16）_第2页

　　Part III Reading Comprehension

　　Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.

　　Task 1

　　Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 through 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A),B), C) and D). You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

　　There is nothing really new about any present-day moral problems. But perhaps they are now more pressing than in previous ages because modern science has greatly increased the scope and range of the consequences of human decisions. This is most obvious in modern warfare. Combatants (战士) can now be far removed from each other and, in the process, distanced from the consequences of their actions. War is also no longer simply a combat between armies; the humane (仁慈的) distinction between combatants and noncombatants has disappeared. This raises the question of whether there can be any "innocent bystanders" in modern conflicts.

　　The problem is at its most extreme with the atomic bombs (原子弹). Many people have questioned the development and production of these bombs, let alone their use, both because their destructiveness outweighs (超过) any justification for their use and because of the probable long-term effects of radiation (辐射). Even the peaceful use of nuclear power carries the risk of pollution of the atmosphere for many generations. Behind the practical problems of using it peacefully is the moral one of whether it is possible to balance the benefits, however great, against the risk, however small and remote.

　　36. Which of the following would be the most suitable title for this passage?

　　A) Modern Warfare C) Problems of Nuclear Reactors

　　B) Science and Moral Problems D) Moral Consideration

　　37. The author would probably agree that in modern conflicts

　　A) everyone would become a victim

　　B) more non-combatants would escape harm

　　C) combatants are not responsible for their actions

　　D) nuclear weapons are more "humane"

　　38. Even the peaceful use of nuclear power is potentially dangerous because of

　　A) long-term deadly pollution C) losing its justification

　　B) an imbalance of benefits D) a change of morals

　　39. The author says the risks of using nuclear power are

　　A) greater than ever C) balanced by the benefits

　　B) small and remote D) practical problems

　　40. The author says that moral problems are more urgent because

　　A) combatants can be more removed than in the past

　　B) nuclear power has become much more dangerous

　　C) science has made human decisions much more complex

　　D) nuclear weapons have greatly increased

　　Task 2

　　Directions: This task is the same as Task1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41through 45.

　　Do you know how to deal with money troubles for the future? Here is some useful advice for people with money worries.

　　1. Compulsive deposits (强制储蓄)：Force yourself to take 15 to 20 per cent of your monthly income and put it in a separate bank account. This won't upset your life a great deal and will give you a good number of rewards in several years' time.

　　2. Separate "wants" from "needs": In keeping your accounts, list different items in two different columns. Check what you need and what you want, meaning things you may not necessarily need.

　　3. Avoid shopping with friends: You may only buy one blouse when you are shopping alone, but you may also pick up a skirt and a pair of shoes or maybe a luxurious () dinner and two

　　hours of Karaoke if you are with someone.

　　4. Avoid using credit cards: Bring along only a limited amount of money when you go shopping and spend no more than what you have planned.

　　5. Find substitutes: Many people rush out to shop when they want to release some pressure. But, a good book or an interesting movie might be just as good a relief. It takes time to change the habit, but it pays off if you try.

　　6. Enjoy investment: By investing we do not mean in a car or home electronic device. Joining an English training course might be another form of investment.

　　41. The author gives some useful advice because

　　A) people sometimes find themselves short of money

　　B) people feel worried how much money they will have in the future

　　C) people don't know clearly how to save their money

　　D) people sometimes are worried about the safety of their money

　　42. It is advisable to separate "wants" from "needs" so that

　　A) you will not hurry to buy things you wish to have

　　B) you may not go shopping for things you don't need

　　C) you will only go shopping for things you may need

　　D) you may not hurry to buy things not exactly needed

　　43. With credit cards when going shopping

　　A) you will spend more money than planned

　　B) you will bring along a limited amount of money

　　C) you will find it convenient to buy everything

　　D) you will not feel worried about your money

　　44. Which of the following statements is true?

　　A) Many people go to cinema to have an interesting movie as a substitute.

　　B) Many people go out shopping as a way to change their habit.

　　C) Many people go to the bookstore to have a good book as a substitute.

　　D) Many people go out shopping without a second thought when having pressure.

　　45. To release yourself from money worries, you

　　A) can try to buy a luxurious car C) are advised to learn something new

　　B) are advised to invest in the bank D) can try to select some home electronic device