2008年12月大学英语六级试题及答案_第4页

Passage Two

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

The percentage of immigrants (including those unlawfully present) in the United States has been creeping upward for years. At 12.6 percent, it is now higher than at any point since the mid-1920s.

We are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried about inferior races polluting America’s bloodstream. But once again we are wondering whether we have too many of the wrong sort newcomers. Their loudest critics argue that the new wave of immigrants cannot, and indeed do not want to, fit in as previous generations did.

 We now know that these racist views were wrong. In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success.

 Although children of Mexican immigrants do better, in terms of educational and professional attainment, than their parents, UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don’t continue. Indeed, the fourth generation is marginally worse off than the third. James Jackson, of the University of Michigan, has found a similar trend among black Caribbean immigrants. Telles fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks — that large parts of the community may become mired (陷入)in a seemingly permanent state of poverty and underachievement. Like African-Americans, Mexican-Americans are increasingly relegated to (降入) egregated, substandard schools, and their dropout rate is the highest for any ethnic group in the country.

We have learned much about the foolish idea of excluding people on the presumption of the ethnic / racial inferiority. But what we have not yet learned is how to make the process of Americanization work for all. I am not talking about requiring people to learn English or to adopt American ways; those things happen pretty much on their own, but as arguments about immigration heat up the campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader questions about assimilation, about how to ensure that people, once outsiders, don’t forever remain marginalized within these shores.

That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations. It will have more impact on our future than where we decide to set the admissions bar for the latest wave of would-be Americans. And it would be nice if we finally got the answer right.

57. How were immigrants viewed by U.S. Congress in the early days?

A) They were of inferior races.

B) They were a source of political corruption.

C) They were a threat to the nation’s security.

D) They were part of the nation’s bloodstream.

58. What does the author think of the new immigrants?

A) They will be a dynamic work force in the U.S..

B) They can do just as well as their predecessors.

C) They will be very disappointed on the new land.

D) They may find it hard to fit into the mainstream.

59. What does Edward Telles’ research say about Mexican-Americans?

A) They may slowly improve from generation to generation.

B) They will do better in terms of educational attainment.

C) They will melt into the African-American community.

D) They may forever remain poor and underachieving.

60. What should be done to help the new immigrants?

A) Rid them of their inferiority complex.

B) Urge them to adopt American customs.

C) Prevent them from being marginalized.

D) Teach them standard American English.

61. According to the author, the burning issue concerning immigration is_______.

A) how to deal with people entering the U.S. without documents

B) how to help immigrants to better fit into American society

C) how to stop illegal immigrants from crossing the border

D) how to limit the number of immigrants to enter the U.S.

Part V  Cloze (15 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Individuals and businesses have legal protection for intellectual property they create and own. Intellectual property  62  from creative thinking and may include products,  63  , processes, and ideas. Intellectual property is protected  64  misappropriation (盗用). Misappropriation is taking the intellectual property of others without  65  compensation and using it for monetary gain.

Legal protection is provided for the  66  of intellectual property. The three common types of legal protection are patents, copyrights, and trademarks.

Patents provide exclusive use of inventions. If the U.S. Patent Office  67  a patent, it is confirming that the intellectual property is  68  . The patent prevents others from making, using, or selling the invention without the owner’s  69  for a period of 20 years.

Copyrights are similar to patents  70  that they are applied to artistic works. A copyright protects the creator of an  71  artisitic or intellectual work, such as a song or a novel. A copyright gives the owner exclusive rights to copy,  72 , display, or perform the work. The copyright prevents others from using and selling the work. The  73  of a copyright is typically the lifetime of the author  74  an additional 70 years.

Trademarks are words, names, or symbols that identify the manufacturer of a product and  75  it from similar goods of others.  A servicemark is similar to a trademark  76  is used to identify services. A trademark prevents others from using the  77  or a similar word, name, or symbol to take advantage of the recognition and  78  of the brand or to create confusion in the marketplace.  79  registration, a trademark is usually granted for a period of ten years. It can be  80  for additional ten-year periods indefinitely as  81  as the mark’s use continues.

62. A) retrieves  B) deviates   C) results            D) departs

63. A) services   B) reserves   C) assumptions  D) motions

64. A) for           B) with         C) by                  D) from

65. A) sound      B) partial      C) due                 D) random

66. A) users        B) owners    C) masters          D) executives

67. A) affords     B) affiliates  C) funds              D) grants

68. A) solemn    B) sober        C) unique            D) universal

69. A) perspective                   B) permission  

C) conformity                    D) consensus

70. A) except      B) besides     C) beyond         D) despite

71. A) absolute   B) alternative       C) original         D) orthodox

72. A) presume  B) stimulate  C) nominate       D) distribute

73. A) range        B) length      C) scale              D) extent

74. A) plus         B) versus      C) via                 D) until

75. A) distract    B) differ        C) distinguish    D) disconnect

76. A) or             B) but           C) so                 D) whereas

77. A) identical  B) analogical      C) literal             D) parallel

78. A) ambiguityB) utility         C) popularity      D) proximity

79. A) From       B) Over        C) Before            D) Upon

80. A) recurred  B) renewed   C) recalled        D) recovered

81. A) long         B) soon         C) far                  D) well

Part VI Translation (5 minutes)

Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. （此部分试题在答题卡2上；请在答题卡2上作答。）

答题卡1（Answer Sheet 1）