2015年大学英语六级临考提分必做试卷（一）_第13页

　　Section C Compound Dictation

　　In the past, one of the biggest disadvantages of machines has been their inability to work on a micro scale. For example, doctors did not have devices allowing them to go inside the human body to detect health problems or to perform delicate surgery. Repair crews did not have a way of identifying broken pipes located deep within a high-rise apartment building. However, that’s about to change. Advances in computers and biophysics have started a micro miniature revolution that allows scientists to envision and in some cases actually build microscopic machines. These devices promise to dramatically change the way we live and work.

　　Micromachines already are making an impact. At Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, research scientists have designed a 4-inch silicon chip that holds 700 tiny primitive motors. At Lucas Nova Sensor in Fremont, California, scientists have perfected the world’s first microscopic blood-pressure sensor. Threaded through a person’s blood vessels, the sensor can provide blood pressure readings at the valve of the heart itself.

　　Although simple versions of miniature devices have had an impact, advanced versions are still several years away.

　　Auto manufacturers, for example, are trying to use tiny devices that can sense when to release an airbag and how to keep engines and breaks operating efficiently. Some futurists envision nanotechnology also being used to explore the deep sea in small submarine, or even to launch finger-sized rockets packed with micro miniature instruments.

　　“There is an explosion of new ideas and applications,” So, when scientists now think about future machines doing large and complex tasks, they’re thinking smaller than ever before.

　　【答案】

　　36. detect

　　37. delicate 38. identifying 39. apartment

　　40. revolution 41. dramatically 42. primitive 43. vessels 44. Although simple versions of miniature devices have had an impact, advanced versions are still several years away 45. that can sense when to release an airbag and how to keep engines and breaks operating efficiently 46. when scientists now think about future machines doing large and complex tasks, they’re thinking smaller than ever before

　　Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

　　Section A

　　【答案】

　　47. values, abilities and strengths

　　48. doing the right things

　　49. positive mental attitude

　　50. manage themselves

　　51. trust

　　【解析】

　　这篇阅读理解的主题是讲商务领导才能，关键词两个：leadership和business。考生要理解这篇文章，就需要抓住这两个关键词，并且认真领会作者所阐述的这二者之间的关系。

　　开篇第一句即指出领导才能在当今竞争激烈的商务领域的重要地位，是排名第二的重要词汇，并指出原因。随后进一步指出，研究领导才能的专家们会毫不犹豫地指出“做事情的方式”影响结果的成功与否，并且暗示着做事方式的对与错。最后，作者引用了曾经是一位出色管理人Peter Drucker总结的一句话：管理是将事情做对，领导是做对的事情。意即在Peter Drucker看来，优秀的领导人需要擅长做对的事情。以上都是先前存在的对商务领导才能的一些看法。

　　随后第二段，作者就将话题一转 ，指出Stephen Covey在其畅销书中提出的观点开始引起人们反思先前对领导才能的理解。Stephen Covey指出先前的领导才能都是以人的性格和个性为中心，而他则倡导领导人必须了解实现高效的普遍原则，并且强调了领导人要想在工作中有杰出表现，先实现良好的自我管理是至关重要的。在此基础上，作者水到渠成地指出，要达到业务目标，必须要对自己的目标和重视的东西有清楚的认识。最后，作者总结出，商务领导才能就是要将首要的事情放在首要位置，这就暗示着在领导他人之前，你要先对自己的价值观、能力和优势有清楚的认识，并且要让自己在别人看来是值得信任的。换句话说，优秀的商务领导要十分了解自己，并且要能赢得他人的信任。

　　Section B

　　Passage One

　　【答案】

　　53. A It indicates that economic activities in the US have increased.

　　54. C Producers of agricultural goods and raw materials

　　55. C People’s reluctance to spend

　　56. B To increase their market share overseas.

　　【解析】

　　本文选自国外网站www.slate.com上面的一篇文章，主标题为“Trade Is the New Plastics”，副标题为Young Americans need to learn to sell and buy overseas. 讲的是关于美国贸易方面的问题，属于阅读题常考的经济方面的话题范围。

　　从难度上来讲，本文不算是一篇很难的阅读题，涉及到的陌生词和比较偏的单词并不是太多。但是考生在做题的时候，还是要保持谨慎。

　　在答题的时候，大家还是按照以往的做题方式，先通过题目中的关键词到原文中定位。在定位的时候，可以略读，但要抓住重要信息点。此外，but等转折词之后会是经常考到的考点，因此，53题则通过“But there’s another way of looking at the trade data. Over the past two years, the figures on imports and exports seem not to signal a double-dip recession。。。but an economic expansion.”这一句的信息点选出答案。

　　54题则定位到“The rising tide of trade is also good news for people who work in trade-sensitive businesses, especially those that produce commodities for which global demand sets the price—agricultural goods, mining, metals, oil.”

　　55题，考生要特别注意，不可因为“One great challenge for the U.S. economy is slack domestic consumer demand.”这一句中有slack一词，就错误的选择了D。其实正确答案是C选项。

　　56.题考查作者的建议，主要是扩大市场份额。因此答案选B。

　　Passage Two

　　【答案】

　　57. A. they still have a place among the world leaders.

　　58. B. It does not reflect the differences among universities.

　　59. A. concentration of resources in a limited number of universities.

　　60. A. Fully utilize their research to benefit all sectors of society.

　　61. C. By promoting the efficiency of technology transfer agencies.

　　【解析】

　　这是一篇议论文。文章开头就提供了一个背景，即英国的大学在将知识转化成产品和服务的能力方面不断的遭受着批评。第二段提到了UK National Stem Cell Network，即英国国家干细胞网络，发出了这样的警告：如果没有资金和立法支持的话，英国将在干细胞研究方面失去领军地位。 第三段，作者针对这个批评，提出了相反的看法，并以最近的一个研究数据作支撑：对比澳洲，加拿大，美国和英国的高校及研究所，英国在商业化活动的指标上还是处于领先地位的。第四段作者从国家政策层面来分析，认为过去十年的政策介入也对英国大学的表现产生了积极的影响。第五段讲述，研究资金的偏态分布不仅仅是英国独有的，其他经济体也存在这样的问题。在英国，不到25%的大学却拥有75%的研究资金。但同时，这些大学也是培养博士生最多的，产生的科学著作、专利和授权收入最多的机构。可见，这种将资源集中的政策造就了研究型和商业型相结合的优秀的大学。第六段，作者提到这些研究型高校的核心目标就是将研究成果利益最大化。接着在第七、八两段里，讲述了这些高校能够为英国经济的复苏做些什么，即加快技术转换和研究院教育水平。

　　Part V Cloze

　　The Truth About Plastic

　　By BRYAN WALSH Thursday, July 10, 2008 (Time magazine)

　　If you know where to find a good plastic-free shampoo, can you tell Jeanne Haegele? Last September, the 28-year-old Chicago resident 62. resolved to cut plastics out of her life. The marketing coordinator was concerned about 63. what the chemicals coming out of some common types of plastic might be doing to her body. She was also worried about the damage all the plastic 64. rubbish was doing to the environment. So she 65. hopped on her bike and rode to the nearest grocery store to see what she could find that didn’t 66. include plastic. "I went in and 67. barely bought anything," Haegele says. She did 68. purchase some canned food and a carton (纸盒) of milk---69. only to discover later that both containers were 70. lined with plastic resin(树脂). "Plastic," she says, "just seemed like it was in everything."

　　She’s right. Back in the 1960s, plastic was well 71. on its way to becoming a staple of American life. The U.S. produced 28 million tons of plastic waste in 2005--27 million tons of which 72. ended up in landfills. Our food and water come 73. wrapped in plastic. It’s used in our phones and our computers, the cars we drive and the planes we ride in. But the 74. infinitely adaptable substance has its dark side. Environmentalists fret about the petroleum needed to make it. Parents worry about the possibility of 75.toxic chemicals making their way from 76. household plastic into children’s bloodstreams. Which means Haegele isn’t the only person trying to cut plastic out of her life--she isn’t 77. even the only one blogging about this kind of 78. endeavor. But those who’ve tried know it’s 79. far from easy to go plastic-free. "These things seem to be so common 80. that it is practically impossible to avoid coming into 81. contact with them," says Frederick vom Saal, a biologist at the University of Missouri.

　　62:resolved

　　63:what

　　64: rubbish

　　65:hopped

　　66:include

　　67:barely

　　68:purchase

　　69:only

　　70:lined

　　71:on

　　72:ended up

　　73:wrapped

　　74:infinitely

　　75:toxic

　　76:household

　　77:even

　　78:endeavor

　　79:far

　　80:that

　　81:contact

　　本文摘自2008年《美国时代周刊》7月10日科技版，标题为The Truth About Plastic，由环保主义者Jeanne Haegele如何在生活中发现无塑料制品的举动引申到对塑料制品的思考。

　　62. 介词搭配题。第一段开头提出问题：如果你知道哪儿能找到一种非塑料包装的洗发液，你能告诉Jeanne Haegele吗?接着引出去年9月，这位28岁的芝加哥居民决心不在日常生活中使用塑料制品。resolve to do sth. 决定做某事,recover和from搭配，重新获得…;remove… form 移开，免除…; retreat 撤退，退却，均不符合题意。

　　63. 本题缺少一个连接词构成介词+宾语形式，根据句意判断，这里是常见塑料制品化学物质对可能会对人体产生的影响，应用what。

　　64. 该题比较简单，根据上下文不难推断，这里是指塑料垃圾也会对环境产生危害。

　　65. 这里考查固定搭配。hop on 跳上…。

　　66. 根据前文，她跳上自行车去百货商店寻找不含塑料的商品。consist of sth.组成…; induce 诱导，引起;compose 构成，组成，与要表达的意义相反。

　　67. 根据文章和常识可推断出，不含塑料成分的商品很少，因此她几乎买不到不含塑料的制品。此外，句末的anything也提示前面要用一个否定含义的词语，因此选barely。

　　68. 和上句的bought对应，这里应该填purchase，“她没买到…，她确实买到了….”;pursue 继续，从事，追赶; preserve 保存，保护，维护; prescribe 开药方。

　　69. 考查only to结构。她买到了罐装的食品和盒装牛奶，却发现外包装也是含有塑料树脂的。only to 结果是，不料竟会，表转折。

　　70. 考查短语意义。be lined with给某物安衬里;做内衬;这里指罐装食品和盒装牛奶的包装内层是塑料树脂。

　　71. 考查固定搭配。on one’s way to…在…的途中。

　　72. 考查固定短语意义。end up in 以…告终;以…结束，尤指经历了一长段路程或过程。这里指垃圾2700万垃圾都被填埋在垃圾填埋场里。

　　73. 词义辨析。这里举例说明20世纪60年代，塑料制品在美国人的日常生活中屡见不鲜，食品和水都采用塑料包装。wrap 包，缠绕;adopt 采取，接受;adapt 使适应，改变;trap 诱捕，使陷入困境。

　　74. 根据上下文意义，这里需要填写一个说明塑料制品的性质的副词。依次代入各选项，infinitely是可无限再利用，符合题意。

　　75. 跟上题一样，这里需要填入形容词说明塑料制品的性质。父母们担忧塑料制品有毒性，因此选toxic。

　　76. 本题有一定难度，词义辨析。家长们担忧塑料制品有毒，会从家庭用品进入孩子们的血液循环，household比family更地道合适。

　　77. 考查考生对上下文关系的理解。这里说Haegele不是唯一一个摈弃塑料制品的人，后半句递进，说明她甚至不是第一个写博客记录这种努力的人。

　　78. 根据上题的阐释，Haegele的行为只是一种努力，不是出于勤奋，也不是娱乐，也并没有取得一定的成就。因此选endeavor。

　　79. 考查固定搭配。根据全文意义可推断，塑料制品在我们的生活中如此普遍，要做到不使用塑料制品绝非易事，far from… 远非…。

　　80. 考查so…that固定搭配。本题为送分题，不做过多解释。

　　81. 考查固定短语搭配。come into contact with 接触到。

　　总之，今年六级的完型填空，涉及4处名词，1处介词，7处动词，1处形容词和5处连词,2个副词。有一定难度，第76题较难，其余部分只要在句子内部或者句子之间进行上下文逻辑比对或语法搭配，即可完成。词义辨析和短语搭配考查较多，因此，考生要特别注意六词汇的积累、掌握和运用。

　　Part VI Translation

　　1. You shouldn’t have run across the road without looking, you would have been knocked down by a car. (也许会被车撞到)

　　解析：本题考察虚拟语气。句子是与过去事实相反，因此用would have +过去分词，表虚拟语气。

　　2 By no means does he regarded himself as an expert, (他把自己当成专家)although he knows a lot about the field.

　　解析：本题考察倒装和词组regard sb. as sth.(把…当作…)。介词短语 by no means 置于句首，构成部分倒装，因此把助动词does提前。

　　3 He doesn’t appreciate the sacrifice his friends have made for him, however, he takes it for granted.(把他们所做的视作理所应当)

　　解析：本题考察词组take sth. for granted (把…当作理所当然)。同时，考生要注意句子后半句前是一个逗号，要加上一个连词and或者加上however。

　　4 Janet told me that she would rather her mother not have interfered with her marriage.(不干涉她的婚姻)

　　解析：本题考察would rather have done sth, 表示过去事件，句子中told提示是过去发生的事，因此用would have interfered with。

　　5 To keep up with the expanding frontiers of scholarship. Edward Wilson found himself always searching for information on the internet. (经常上网查信息)

　　解析：本题考察了感官动词find+宾语+现在分词(作宾补)，现在分词表主动。因此这里用searching。