知识要点:
1、熟悉并掌握并列句的结构和常用的并列词的用法;
2、注意while, when 和 for等作并列连词的用法。
什么叫并列句:由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子叫并列句。
并列句的基本句型:简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句
类型 |
说明 |
连接词 |
例 句 |
并 |
并列关系 (联合关系) |
and, not only…but(also), neither…nor等 |
I help him and he helps me. 我帮助他,他也帮助我。 Not only did we write to her but also we telegraphed her. 我们不仅给她写信而且还给她发了电报。 Neither I would consult him nor he would ask me for advice. 我不想与他商量,他也不会征求我的意见。 |
列 |
转折关系 |
but, yet, still, while, however, when等 |
He failed many times, but he didn’t despair. 他失败多次但并没有气馁。 She has difficulty in learning English, however, she works hard and is making rapid progress. 她学习英语有困难,然后她学习努力,进步很快。 |
|
选择关系 |
or, otherwise or else, either…or |
We must hurry, or we’ll miss the train. 我们必须快点,否则会赶不上火车。 Either you come to my place or I go to yours. 或者你到我这儿来,或者我到你那去。 |
句 |
因果关系 |
for, so, thus, therefore, and so |
We had better stay at home, for it was raining. 我们最好呆在家里,因为天正在下雨。 He didn’t work hard, therefore he failed in the examination. 他学习不努力,因此这次考试不及格。 |
|
|
有时也可不用连词,而用逗号,分号或冒号 |
Hurry up, it’s getting dark. 快点,天要黑了。 Let’s start early, we have a long way to go. 我们要早动身,因为路很远。 |
注意:
(1)yet和still是连接副词,也叫半连接词。它们是副词。又起连接作用,但不如and, but, or等强,用了yet或still,前面还可加and或but。
He is tired, (but) still he will make another experiment. 他很累,但他仍然要做另一个实验。
I got up very early, (and) yet I failed to catch the first bus. 我起得很早,然而还是没有赶上头班车
(2)while意义相当于at the same time表示相反和对照,常用来连接两个意义对立的分句。
I like football, while my sister likes basketball. 我喜欢足球,而我姐姐喜欢篮球。
when = and then, just then或at that time, during the time.
We were ready to rush away, when the snake moved. 我们正准备离开,这时蛇移动了。
while和when作为并列连词使用时常是放在第二个分句前边,并有逗号和第一分句隔开。
3、for表示附加或推断的理由、原因。therefore比so更正式,and so比较口语化。