大学英语四级考试阅读学习笔记(13)

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:
　　51. In the first paragraph, the writer tells us that
　　statuses can help us _________.
　　A) determine whether a person is fit for a certain job
　　B) behave appropriately in relation to other people
　　C) protect ourselves in unfamiliar situations
　　D) make friends with other people
　　注：status 身份地位
　　52. According to the writer, people often assume different statuses _________.
　　A) in order to identify themselves with others
　　B) in order to better identify others
　　C) as their mental processes change
　　D) as the situation changes
　　注：assume 承担，采取 assuming 在句首相当于 if
　　53. The word "appraisal" (Line 5, Para. 2) most probably means "___________".
　　A) involvement
　　B) appreciation
　　C) assessment
　　D) presentation
　　注：词汇题
　　54. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the pronoun "it" refers to "_________".
　　A) fitting our actions to those of other people appropriately
　　B) identification of other people's statuses
　　C) selecting one's own statuses
　　D) constant mental process
　　55. By saying that "an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince"(Lines 2-3, Para. 3), the writer means _________.
　　A) different people have different styles of clothes
　　B) ready-made clothes may need alterations
　　C) statuses come ready made just like clothes
　　D) our choice of statuses is limited
　　Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:
　　Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we "fit" in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader, and so on.
　　注：1.首句主题句
　　2.fit 加了引号，意义有所改变
　　3.property 财产，尤指房产
　　The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the statuses that various situations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly.
　　注：1.I am nobody 我是无名之辈；somebody 大人物；I am small / big potato 我是小/大人物；
　　2.this means 解释上一句，所以这句与上一句难句意思应该接近
　　3.mental process 思维过程
　　4.effortlessly 毫不费力的