大学英语四级考试阅读讲义(四十九)

　Unit 22
　　Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
　　(35 minutes)
　　Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
　　Passage One?Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.??
　　Bill Gates, the billionaire Microsoft chairman without a single earned university degree, is by his success raising new doubts about the worth of the business world's favorite academic title: the MBA (Master of Business Administration).? The MBA, a 20th-century product, always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed (贪婪) on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as philosophy and literature.? But even with the recession apparently cutting into the hiring of business school graduates, about 79,000 people are expected to receive MBAs in 1993.This is nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960,a testimony to the widespread assumption that the MBA is vital for young men and women who want to run companies some day.“If you are going into the corporate world it is still a disadvantage not to have one," said Donald Morrison, professor of marketing and management science.“But in the last five years or so, when someone says, ‘Should I attempt to get an MBA,' the answer a lot more is: It depends." ? The success of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs, such as the late Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc. has helped inspire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management skills can be taught.?
　　The Harvard Business Review printed a lively, fictional exchange of letters to dramatize complaints about business degree holders.? The article called MBA hires “extremely disappointing" and said “MBAs wants to move up too fast, they don't understand politics and people, and they aren't able to function as part of a team until their third year. But by then, they're out looking for other jobs."? The problem, most participants in the debate acknowledge, is that the MBA has acquired an aura (光环) of future riches and power far beyond its actual importance and usefulness.? Enrollment in business schools exploded in the 1970s and 1980s and created the assumption that no one who pursued a business career could do with out one. The growth was fueled by a backlash(反冲)against the anti-business values of the 1960s and by the women's movement.? Business people who have hired or worked with MBAs say those with the degrees of ten know how to analyze systems but are not so skillful at motivating people.“They don't get a lot of grounding in the people side of the business, "said James Shaffer, vice-president and principal of the Towers Perrin management consulting firm.?
　　21. According to Paragraph 2,what is the general attitude towards business on campuses dominated by purer disciplines?
　?A) Envious.
　　B) Scornful.
　　C) Realistic.
　　D) Appreciative.
　　22. It seems that the controversy over the values of MBA degrees has been fueled mainly by .?
　　A) the success of many non-MBAs ?
　　B)the complaints from various employers ?
　　C)the poor performance of MBAs at work ?
　　D)the criticism from the scientists of purer disciplines
　　23. What is the major weakness of MBA holders according to The Harvard Business Review?
　　A) They are not good at dealing with people. ?
　　B) They keep complaining about their jobs. ?
　　C) They are usually self-centered. ?
　　D) They are aggressive and greedy.
　　24. From the passage we know that most MBAs . ?
　　A) can climb the corporate ladder fairly quickly ?
　　B) cherish unrealistic expectations about their future ?
　　C) quit their jobs once they are familiar with their workmates ?
　　D) receive salaries that do not match their professional training
　　25. What is the passage mainly about?
　?A) A debate held recently on university campuses.
　?B) Doubts about the worth of holding an MBA degree. ?
　　C) Why there is an increased enrollment in MBA programs.
　?D) The necessity of reforming MBA programs in business schools.