四级阅读：英语词汇阅读练习（1）

(1)

In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.

　　Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.
 
1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?
a.They were not satisfied with American society.
b.They wanted to grow marijuana.
c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.
d.They did not want all people to be equal.
 
2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?
a.In dome-shaped house
b.In old school huses
c.On a farm inTennessee
d.In an archology in Arizona
 
3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?
a.Paolo Soleri
b.B.G.Skinner
c.Steve Gaskin
d.Buckminster Fuller
 
4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?
a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"
b.Virginaia in the late 1960s
c.The ideas of psychologist
d.The belief that people must live closely togerher.
 
5.What is an "archology"?
a.A person who studies archaeology
b.A large building where people live closely together
c.A city in A rizona
d.A technique to contorl people

答案：A B D C B

(2)

Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man to smoke on street. No man who thought of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room.

　　Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country? Or doesn't it matter? Should you use both hands when you are eating? Should leave one in your lap,or on the table?

　　The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a wonman or offer their seat to a woman , and so will most Americans. Promptness is important both in England and in America. That is , if a dinner invitation is for 7 o'clock , the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his delay.

　　The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable-----especially if they are your guests. When the food was served , one of the guests strated to eat his peas with a knife . The other guests were amused or shocked , but the host calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.
1.If one has accepted a dinner invitation ,what should he do if he is tobe late for the dinner?
a.He should find an excuse
b.He should adk for excuse.
c.He should say sorry
d.He should telephone to explain his being late.

2."It would have been bad manners to make his guests feel foolish or uncomfortable." "Bad manners " means ________.
a.ugly
b.dishonest
c.impolite
d.shameful

3.which of the following do you think is the best tiltle for this passage?
a.Social Customs and Customs
b.Social Life
c.American and British Customs
d.Promptness Is Important

4.According to the text, the best host_______.
a.tries his best to make his guests feel comfortable
b.makes his guests feel excited
c.tries to avoid being naughty to his guests
d.tries to avoid being foolish

5.The author of this article may agree with which of the following?
a.The guest who ate his peas with a knife
b.The other guests who were amused or shocked
c.The host who picked up his knife and began eating in the same way
d.None of the above

答案：D C A A C

(3)

As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume
 
　　Besides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.
 
　　Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.
 
　　She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.
 
　　When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.
 
1.Edith's father _______.
a.did not like present
b.never got present
c.preferred ties
d.was difficult to choose a present for
 
2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.
a.attractive
b.interested in ties
c.tired
d.in need of comfort
 
3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.
a.purosely
b.suddenly
c.unwillingly
d.accidentally
 
4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.
a.when he was obliged
b.on social occasions
c.from time to time
d.when he was delighted
 
5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.
a.coustomers trod on each other's toes
b.coustomers poked each other with their elbows
c.customers knocked each other
d.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry

答案：D B D C B

(4)

As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.

　　Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.

　　The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.
 
1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.
a.they do not know how to enjoy themselves
b.they do not believe that relaxation is important for health
c.they are travelling fast all the time
d.they are becoming busier with their work
 
2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.
a.not fearing stress
b.knowing the art of relaxation
c.high sense of responsibility
d.having control over performance
 
3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?
a.We can find some ways to avoid stress
b.Stress is always harmful to people
c.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.
d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress
 
4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.
a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"
b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"
c."responding to crises quickly"
d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"
 
5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.
a."expose ourselves to stress"
b."find ways to deal with stress"
c."remove stress from our lives"
d."established links between diseases and stress"
 
答案：D A D B C

(5)

Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.

　　Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.

　　First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .

　　Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.
1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.
a.traffic accidents
b.smoking-related desease
c.murder
d.all of these

2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.
a.75
b.23
c.30
d.3000

3.By "dropout" the author means______.
a.students who failed the examination
b.students who left school
c.students who lost their way
d.students who were driven out of school

4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.
a.NCI has taken effective measures
b.smoking is prevented among high school seniors
c.there are many smokers who have died of cancer
d.none of these

5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.
a.smoking rates among youth have declined very little
b.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniors
c.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealth
d.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds

答案： B D B D B