2017年12月英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案解析（2） _第3页

　　英语四级仔细阅读一

　　In many traditional societies a woman's role is restricted to that of mother (for the continuation of the race) , and she is confined to family and household activities, including help out in the field and market. In some ethnic(种族的) communities in Indonesia, even today, women are supposed to do the hard labor in the rice fields, while men take it easy in their coffee shops.

　　When I visited the island of Timor in eastern Indonesia in 1987, I was told by friends that in the interior of the islands, where roads are still non-existent,villagers traveled to market either on foot or on horseback. It was a common sight to see the husband riding a horse, with his wife walking behind him carrying a heavy bundle of produce on her head to the market. On the island of Alor, also in eastern Indonesia, I met an old man aged about 80 years, proudly boasting to me that he had nine wives. "But you are a Catholic," I said to him. "How could you have nine wives?" He smiled, and said: "I married only once in church, but the other eight wives I married according to our traditional laws. " In many ethnic communities in Indonesia the good woman or wife is one who obey her husband, who does not go around gossiping, who cleans her home and cooks good food for the family, who is diligent in the field, who does not visit friends too much, and who gives birth of lots of children, especially boys.

　　In Indonesia many years ago the wives of government workers or members of the armed forces were organized into women's organizations. The leadership of these women's organizations was set up according to the hierarchical positions of the members' husbands. For example, the organization of women of personnel of a government ministry would automatically have as its chairperson the wife of the minister at the national level, and the chairperson of the provincial organization would be the wife of the governor, and so on to the lower administrative levels. It is amazing how a woman who may have an interest in being a leader nevertheless automatically becomes a chairperson because of the official position of her husband. When the husband is no longer minister or governor, she also automatically loses her position. Many of these women have complained to me that they feel this is a straitjacket(约束物) imposed on them, but they feel they have to accept the role for the sake of safeguarding their husbands' careers.

　　26. In some ethnic districts in Indonesia women should_______.

　　A. do household activities B. give birth of children

　　C. do the hard labor in the fields D. all of the above

　　27. In the 2nd paragraph "roads" means_______.

　　A. some roads B. high ways

　　C. country roads D. heavy roads

　　28. What does the question "How could you have nine wives?" imply?

　　A. The old man is too old to have nine wives.

　　B. The old man shouldn't have had nine wives.

　　C. The old man could marry only once because he is member of the Church of Rome.

　　D. The old man could have only a wife for he is a Christian.

　　29. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to Paragraph 3?

　　A. Women's organizations were set up in the government administrative levels and the armed forces.

　　B. The head of the women's organization of a province must be the wife of the governor.

　　C. All the leaders of the woman's organizations enjoyed their roles.

　　D. The wife of a governor loses her leading position for the sake of her husband. 30. The closest restatement of the last sentence in,the 3rd paragraph is______.

　　A. many women would hate to be the chairperson without considering their husband's careers

　　B. many governors' wives complain they have to accept the chairperson roles

　　C. many women are forced to become the leaders of women's organizations in order to protect their husband's profession

　　D. many governors' wives feel it necessary to accept the roles

　　答案：26. D 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. C

　　英语四级仔细阅读二

　　The future population will be older than today, and this in turn will change the patterns of social demands. However, Mexico will still be far from the "aging societies" that will most likely prevail (占优势 ) in the industrialized countries. In less than 25 years, the country will have to add almost as much infrastructure as it has already built up to now, simply to maintain services and production at the current levels. This will be a tremendous challenge, although a similar one was faced successfully in the recent past, when available infrastructure was doubled in two decades or so. It is no wonder that much has been said about the need to reduce or preferably halt Mexico's population control which is taken for granted as both good and necessary. It has also gained supporters in the developing world, and Mexico is no exception. But the arguments about population are complicated, as the following discussion illustrates.

　　Even if Mexico's population reaches 125 million by the year 2010, its population density is still smaller than the 1985 population density of some 50 countries. By international standards Mexico will still not be overpopulated by the year 2010. If wealth is generated by people, the more individuals there are, the greater the wealth that potentially could be generated. Why should Mexico control its population at density levels below those of the richer countries if more population represents the possibility of generating more wealth?

　　On the other hand, it is often pointed out that once sustainability(支撑力) limits are near or are reached, there are decreasing productivity gains (or,perhaps more accurately, increasing productive losses) , and people become a cost rather than an asset. If we assume that there are sustainability limits and that we are close to reaching these limits at a world level, then it is appropriate to check population growth.

　　21. According to the passage, the population argument is focused on_______.

　　A. whether more people are a property or a cost

　　B. whether Mexico should control its population growth or not

　　C. whether the density of population in Mexico is large or small

　　D. what the standard international sustainability limit is

　　22. Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph?

　　A. Mexico has stepped into an aging society.

　　B. It is not necessary for Mexico to control its population.

　　C. Mexico population is younger than that of developed countries.

　　D. It is not necessary for Mexico to develop its infrastructure.

　　23. By "infrastructure"(Para. 2) the author means_______.

　　A. buildings

　　B. the basic framework of a country, such as schools, services, etc.

　　C. social demands

　　D. services and production

　　24. It may be inferred from the 3rd paragraph that_______.

　　A. it isn't necessary for Mexico to control its population growth

　　B. population is likely to grow at a slower pace than in the past

　　C. the more people there are, the greater the wealth people could generate

　　D. Mexico should control its population growth because she belongs to the developing countries

　　25. To check population growth is necessary when_______.

　　A. there are decreasing productivity gains

　　B. there are increasing productivity losses

　　C. we are close to reaching the sustainability limits at a world level

　　D. people become a cost

　　答案：21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C