2019年翻译资格考试英语笔译初级模拟题：节日
汉译英
春节
中国的春节在农历一月一日，是新一年的开始。这是举家团圆的时刻。一般说来，在春节前几天，只要有可能的话，多数人无论身处何地都会回家，就像圣诞节一样，人们会买很多东西如食品、礼物、衣服和烟花爆竹给孩子们。在除夕之夜，多数农村家庭仍然保持着一些传统习俗，如在两扇门上都贴上门神和春联。他们把“福”字倒贴在墙上和家具的门上，意思是“福到了”。除夕之夜的年夜饭是必不可少的程序。全家人围坐着一张桌子一同分享佳肴，人多的话兴许不止一张桌子。家人还会为没能赶回家的亲人留些座位，仿佛他们也在一起吃似的。年夜饭过后，大家会坐在一起，观看中央电视台的春节特别节目，等待新年的到来。午夜将近时，特别节目也接近尾声，这时家家户户都到户外去放鞭炮，据说这样可以驱妖除魔。新年的早饭是很特别的，北方人吃饺子，南方人吃糯米饭团。走亲访友从新年的第一天就开始了，俗称“拜年”。每到这时，孩子们是最开心的，因为他们可以从长辈那里拿到压岁钱，据说压岁钱能带给他们好运。新年第五天，人们祭拜财神，送走新年。
春节就结束了。
参考译文
The Spring Festival
According to the Chinese lunar calendar, the Spring Festival falls on the first day of the first month, which marks the beginning of a new year. It is a time for family reunion. In most cases, just a few days before the festival, if possible, most of the family members come home, no matter where they are. And like the Christmas season, people buy a lot of things: food, gifts, clothing and fireworks for children. On the New Year's eve, most of the families in the countryside still keep the customs of pasting paintings of door gods on the two doors and couplets on either side of the doors. They put the Chinese character meaning "happiness" upside down and paste it on walls and doors of the furniture to mean "happiness has come." Feast dinner is a must for the whole family on the New Year's eve, when all the family members sit at one or more tables. Dinner seats will be arranged for the absent members as if they were also joining the dinner. After dinner, they sit together waiting for the coming of the New Year, usually by watching the CCTV special program for Spring Festival. At midnight when it is near the end of the program, every family goes out to set off firecrackers, which is said to drive evils away. Breakfast for the New Year's Day is special, Jiaozi for those in North China and small glutinous rice balls for the southerners.
Visits are exchanged to relatives and friends from the New Year's Day on, which is called "Bainian". Children are the happiest ones because they can get lucky money from their seniors.
The money is believed to bring good luck to them. On the fifth day, people celebrate the end of the Festival by worshipping the Fortune God.
汉译英
端午节
公元前278年，也就是屈原六十二岁那年，他在汩罗江边，听到秦国军队攻破了楚国的国都，便怀着悲痛的心情，抱了一块石头，投汩罗江自杀了。那天正好是农历五月五日。楚国人民非常热爱屈原。汩罗江附近的老百姓听到屈原自杀的消息，都纷纷赶来，划着渔船，拿着竹竿，四处打捞屈原的遗体，结果什么也没有打捞到。大家非常失望，又十分怀念屈原。他们担心屈原的遗体被江里的鱼虾吃掉，就划着船，把包好的粽子扔到江里去给鱼虾吃。他以后，每到农历五月五日这一天，中国人家家户户都包粽子，吃粽子，表示对伟大诗人屈原的纪念。这就是中国人民的传统节日“端午节”。
参考译文
The Double Fifth Festival
In the year of 278 B. C., when he was 62 and staying at the side of the Miluo River, Qu Yuan heard that Qin troops had finally conquered Chu's capital. Overwhelmed with grief and despair, he drowned himself in the river, with a large stone in his arms. That day happened to be the fifth day of the fifth month in the Chinese lunar calendar.
The people of Chu had a great esteem and love for Qu Yuan. On hearing the news of his suicide, people who lived nearby came hurriedly in boats and attempted to retrieve his body with long bamboo poles but, to their distress, without avail. Filled with a deep sense of loss and worried that his body might be eaten up by fish and shrimps, they threw into the water pyramid- shaped glutinous dumplings wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves to divert them. Since then, on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year, each household in China would make and eat rice dumplings to commemorate the great poet Qu Yuan. This is the traditional Chinese festival known as the Double Fifth Festival.
