2015年11月商务英语BEC高级写作实用技巧（1）

　　图表作文写作要领

　　(1)注意总-分结构的使用，中心句概括总趋势。

　　总增长：

　　典型数据/区间：there are some fluctuations to this general trend;

　　Within this general trend, there are some fluctuations, for example…

　　(2)注意分水岭的描写,即把整个图表的变化趋势分成两个或三个变化阶段来整体描写。

　　(3)注意语言的多样化，多用同义词替代，避免重复用词。

　　(4)注意数据的内部逻辑关系，确定描写线索。即确定以某个数据的变化来贯彻全文。

　　图表作文句型总结：

　　1. 基本功: 叙述表格/图表(重点)

　　(1)组成： consist of.., be made up of.., be composed of..,

　　(2)比例： account for%, represent%, make/take up %.., 或者直接说 % of….

　　(3)上升(by..to…)，增加，提高：

　　a. 普通：increase, grow, rise, expand

　　b. 渐渐上升：climb, edge up, ascend, trend up.

　　c. 猛增，激增：jump, surge, soar, proliferate (数量), leap, shot up

　　d. 词组： achieve an increase in….by…to…

　　Continue its upwards trend; trend up

　　On the rise, on the increase.

　　On consecutive rise: 保持连续增长

　　n. 名词： increase, rise, growth, expansion,

　　ascendance渐渐增加,

　　slight increase, rise, growth in..

　　bump-up(突然增加), proliferation(激增),jump, leap, surge, boom

　　(4)减少，下降，减缓

　　a. 普通：decrease, fall, drop, reduce, shrink, (shrinkage)

　　b. 逐渐变少：slide, dwindle, decline, edge down

　　c. 骤减：collapse, slump, plummet, plunge

　　d. 经济衰退，停顿：slump, collapse, stagnate, stagnant, stagnation,

　　sluggish, sluggishness, slack,

　　crisis, recession, slowdown, downturn,

　　e. 词组： fall off, drop off, go down, continue its downward trend, trend down, on the decline, on the downturn.

　　(5) 保持平稳，不变：

　　Remain stable,/steady,/unchanged

　　Level off vi 上升，或减退至平稳水平

　　Subside vi 减退至平稳水平 standstill n/adj 停滞不前

　　(6) 起伏波动：

　　Rise and fall,

　　fluctuate slightly/dramatically,

　　fluctuate between….and…, a minor fluctuation,

　　small rises and falls/fluctuations.

　　(7)形容趋势程度

　　a. 剧烈，显著，明显

　　Dramatically, sharply, considerably, rapidly, suddenly, greatly, alarmingly, significantly, enormously, steeply, massively, incredibly, hugely, amazingly, substantially; at an alarming rate; by a wide margin.

　　b. 缓慢/逐渐

　　Gradually, steadily, slightly, gently, marginally, slowly, moderately, in a moderate way, by the least amount.

　　(8)表示倍数：

　　a. (使)增几倍于： double, triple, quadruple【'kwɔdrupl】，

　　b. adv.adj 几倍的，几倍地：fivefold, sixfold, sevenfold….

　　c. ad. 几倍：　twice, three/four/five times….

　　e. 几分之几： 2/3： two-thirds, etc. (at a fraction of…)

　　(9) 比较数据as…as…

　　a. three/four times as many. 做主语或定语成分

　　Eg. approx.20% more people preferred the diet cherry version and nearly three times as many preferred the diet strawberry version.

　　b.“A + be + XX times + as +adj + as + B”。

　　eg. This tree is three times as tall as that one.

　　Eg. His father is twice as old as he.

　　c.“A + be + XXtimes + 计量形容词比较级 + than + B ”

　　eg. The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.

　　=The Yangtze River is almost three times as long as Pearl River.

　　Eg. The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.

　　d. .“A + be + 倍数 + the + 计量名词 + of + B ”

　　eg. The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.

　　新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。

　　e.“The + 计量名词 + of + A + be + 倍数 + that + of + B ”

　　eg. The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one.

　　(10) 从不同方面分析数据; in view of the turnover…., In terms of growth,…就营业额方面来说。。。，就增长方面来说;

　　2. 描述时间点或时间段

　　(1)时期泛指 :over the period XXX to XXX, over the years XXX to XXX, from XX to xx; over/during the past XX years; in the last XX years(最近X年)， over the last 15 to 20 years. in the next XX years, during a XX-year/month/week period, throughout.., all the way through, for the year..XXX.

　　(2) 时期特指：during the same period, over the period in question, over/during the period studied, for the rest of the periods studied, in the two subsequent periods, in the following period, all the way through,

　　(3)连续下降/上升的某个时期：it is the second/third/fourth consecutive quarter/year/month/week that XXX has fallen

　　(4) 时间点: until, by the year XXX, since, from the year XXX, up to now, at a given moment, over the period ended on xx/ended in XX

　　(5)年代：during the 1980s; during the 70s and 80s.,

　　3. 开头： this graph/report describes/outlines/shows/compare… with…/suggests,